Our site uses cookies necessary for its proper functioning. To improve your experience, other cookies may be used: you can choose to disable them. This can be changed at any time via the Cookies link at the bottom of the page.


The effects of heavy hydrocarbon permeation on polyethylene pipe

 

Papers

Plastic Pipes Conference Association # 2016 Berlin

Ernest Lever, Karen Crippen

The objective of this project was to develop methods to be used by any plastic testing laboratory to quantify the effects of hydrocarbon permeation on: 1) the fusibility of plastic pipe; 2) the life expectancy of existing fused joints that have been subjected to hydrocarbon permeation; 3) the Hydrostatic Design Basis (strength) of plastic pipe, and 4) the impact on slow crack growth. A secondary objective was to determine and validate current practices of local distribution companies (LDC) in mitigating hydrocarbon permeation on their in-field pipe.

This paper is a follow on paper to the paper presented at PPXVII outlining the intended scope of work for project DTPH56-14-H-00001-554 [1] sponsored by DOT PHMSA to investigate the effects of heavy hydrocarbon permeation on polyethylene pipe used in the US gas distribution system. The project has been successfully completed and this paper will summarize the findings with regard to the long term strength of the impacted polyethylene pipes and their fusibility.

Hydrocarbon permeation into polyethylene plastic pipe was studied together with its effects on 1) the fusibility of plastic pipe; 2) the life expectancy of existing fused joints that have been subjected to hydrocarbon permeation; 3) the Hydrostatic Design Basis (strength) of plastic pipe, and 4) the impact on slow crack growth. The objective was to develop a validated method to be used by any plastic testing laboratory to quantify these effects. A secondary objective was to determine and validate current practices of local distribution companies (LDC) in mitigating hydrocarbon permeation in their in-field pipe. This information will be valuable in several ways. Knowing how hydrocarbon permeation in PE pipe material affects pipe strength and its ability to be fused will improve the integrity and safety of the PE pipeline infrastructure. Appropriate guidelines can be developed to provide regulators and engineers with a hydrostatic design basis to limit the pipeline operating pressure (stress). Operators would be aided by the establishment of go/no go levels of hydrocarbon contamination in PE for heat joining techniques. Clear fusibility guidelines would save utilities time by avoiding the necessity to cut out sections of pipe due to non-effective fusions performed on contaminated pipe.

Related keywords : permeation, polyethylene, pipe, fusibility, lifetime expectancy.
Please note that the whole article content is available on PPCA website only :

Related papers

2023 Lake Buena Vista : A NEW GENERATION OF HIGH PERFORMANCE BIAXIALLY ORIENTED POLYETHYLENE AND POLYPROPYLENE PRESSURE PIPES – AN UPDATE

Author(s) : Ajay Taraiya, Peter Degenhart, Mark Boerakker

In PPXX, a technology was presented for the first time that could bi-axially orient polyolefin pipes. With this technology, it is possible to prepare pipes that have a performance far beyond the standard ones. One approach to achieving this performance is via a continuous in-line process. To optimize the in-line...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : A NEW HIGH PERFORMANCE BIMODAL POLYETHYLENE RESIN FOR POWER AND TELECOMMUNICATION APPLICATIONS

Author(s) : Olivera Bilic, Vivek Rohatgi, Brody Peterson, David Hukill

Demand for conduit pipe is expected to surge globally due to rapid industrialization and urbanization in residential and commercial sectors. Just in the U.S., according to Market Research analysis, expected growth of the plastic conduit pipe market is at a CAGR of more than 5% over the next ten years. In response to...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : AN INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF BACKFILL TYPE ON THE PERFORMANCE OF LARGE DIAMETER POLYOLEFIN PIPE UNDER HIGHWAY LOADINGS AT MINIMUM COVER

Author(s) : Joe Babcanec, P.E., Issam Khoury, Ph.D, P.E., Shad Sargand,

The use of corrugated HDPE and PP pipe for gravity flow storm sewers is a growing trend throughout the United States. Many of these drainage pipes are buried in shallow cover conditions under roads with heavy traffic. It is well established that thermoplastic pipe installations under shallow cover respond differently...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : APPLICATION OF PE-RT II PREFABRICATED INSULATION PLASTIC PIPE IN HEATING ENGINEERING

Author(s) : Yi Zhong, Qianshi Ma, Haihua Yu

BSTRACT The residential district adopts central heating for low temperature radiators system. Due to the disrepair of the secondary heating pipe network that pipe from heat exchange station to user entrance, the running, leaking, dripping and leakage are serious, and the accidents occur frequently. The heat...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : CUT-AND-COVER PIPELINES WITH POOR TRENCH WALLS

Author(s) : Amster Howard

This paper explores the use of a composite soil stiffness as a valuable design tool to consider when a pipeline traverses through poor soil conditions. Thermoplastic pipe are flexible pipe and require good soil support at the sides of the pipe to minimize deflection. However, sometimes the trench walls are weak soils...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : DESIGN OF UNPLASTICIZED POLYAMIDE 12 OILFIELD LINE PIPE BASED ON PUBLISHED REGRESSION CURVES AND ASTM F3524

Author(s) : James F. Mason, Akshay Ponda, Hermann van Laak, Tobias Bauer

The long-term strength of unplasticized polyamide 12 (PA-U12) has been characterized using standard methods for plastic pressure pipe during the qualification process for use in buried piping systems for natural gas delivery operating at low ambient temperatures, usually less than 20 to 30°C at pressures...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW QUALITY CONTROL TEST METHOD TO ASSESS THE STRESS CRACK RESISTANCE OF HDPE

Author(s) : Dr. Michael Pluimer, Sara Stone

The Notched Constant Ligament Stress test (NCLS test, ASTM F2136)[1] is a test method that measures the slow crack growth in High Density Polyethylene. The NCLS test requires a notch on all test specimens to act as a stress concentration at that point so crack propagation can be easily predicted and studied. In...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : DEVELOPMENT OF HYDRO-AXIAL TENSION METHOD FOR WHOLE PIPE TENSILE TEST

Author(s) : Sunwoong Choi, Robert Stakenborghs , Pyeongan Lee, Byoungho Choi

This work developed a hydro-axial tension (HAT) test as a whole pipe axial tensile test and applied to evaluate the polyethylene (PE) pipe and fusion joints containing various flaws. HAT test was designed to utilize hydrostatic pressure to cause axial tension in pipes. The experimental and numerical analysis was...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : DRIVING TOWARDS A CIRCULAR ECONOMYEVALUATION OF PEX RECYCLING

Author(s) : Jacob John, Suresh Shenoy, Patrik Roseen

Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes continue to gain popularity in plumbing and indoor climate applications around the globe. This study focuses on increasing the sustainability of PEX pipes by utilizing recycled PEX and production waste streams into PEX production. Different methods available for recycling and the...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : EFFECT OF NOTCH RADIUS ON NOTCHED PIPE FAILURE TIME

Author(s) : Aisha Khaleel, Suleyman Deveci, Sulistiyanto Nugroho, Fatima AlHameli

The use of polyethylene pipes in transportation networks of pressurized water and gas have shown superb performance over the history. High density, high-molecular-weight, and bi-modal polyethylene materials, known as PE80, PE100 and PE100RC, have successfully served the market for many years in standard applications....

2023 Lake Buena Vista : ENHANCING RECYCLED MATERIALS THROUGH COMPATIBILIZATION TECHNOLOGIES TO ENABLE HIGH PERFORMANCE

Author(s) : Jie Wu, Yushan Hu, Todd Hogan

Recycling of plastic materials is key to demonstrating that these high value materials are much more than a waste stream and a key component of a sustainable future. The plastic pipe market effectively utilizes in-plant recycle systems where standards and codes allow processors to recapture the value of these...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : EXAMINING SGF ORIENTATION IN POLYETHYLENE REINFORCED WITH SHORT GLASS FIBERS PIPE

Author(s) : Mitsuaki TOKIYOSHI, Yutaka SAWADA, Yasuhiko OTSUKI, Kensei INOUE, Takashi KURIYAMA, Toshinori KAWABATA

Polyethylene reinforced with short glass fibres (PE-sGF) pipe, manufactured by combining short fiber glass (sGF) with PE100 as a reinforcing material, has a higher pipe rigidity in the pipe circumferential direction than that of PE100 because of the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing material and a performance...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : FIELD AND FEM PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL MAINS

Author(s) : Kevin White, Shad Sargand

The current standard of practice for the installation of agricultural mains is in accordance with ASTM F449, Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control. ASTM F449 has several limitations. Currently, the allowable maximum height of...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : FROM FISHING NETS TO PLASTIC PIPES: NEW CHALLENGES FOR RECYCLED POLYETHYLENE FLOWS IN A CIRCULAR ECONOMY

Author(s) : Rafael A. García-Muñoz, Rafael Juan, Mónica de la Cruz, Beatriz Paredes, Carlos Domínguez

Plastics are widely used in various industries, resulting in the generation of significant amounts of plastic waste, which causes environmental and economic problems. Although mechanical recycling is the most commonly employed technology, the resulting recyclates often suffer from degradation and contamination. This...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : HOW TO CONTROL CRACKS IN PIPES TO GUARANTEE A SAFE OPERATION

Author(s) : Gerald Pinter, Lukas Travnicek, Johannes Wiener, Jan Poduska, Florian Arbeiter, Pavel Hutar

Crack initiation and subsequent crack growth are known to be the key factors which determine the final lifetime of a polymeric pipe. Subsequently, exact knowledge regarding the crack growth behavior is a key issue to guarantee safe operation. Furthermore, novel concepts are needed to satisfy increasing demands, for...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : INFLUENCING FACTORS OF CRACKED ROUND BAR TEST

Author(s) : Yanlei Hu, Jin Sun

Slow crack growth is the main reason for brittle failure of polyethylene pipes. At present, the traditional slow crack growth test generally has many problems, such as too long test time, using chemical reagents that pollute the environment, poor reproducibility, etc., which limit the accurate evaluation of the slow...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : INNOVATING FOR SUSTAINABILITY ENHANCEMENTS IN POLYETHYLENE BASED MICROIRRIGATION PRODUCTS

Author(s) : Rachel Anderson, Rujul Mehta, Alex Stolarz, Todd Hogan, Stephanie Whited, Joel Wieliczko

Growing worldwide demand for sustainably made irrigation systems has driven the creation of new resins for longer-lasting, more durable, recycle friendly, and cost-effective pipe that can better tolerate extreme conditions year after year. Microirrigation systems deliver vital water and nutrients where they’re needed...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : LEAK TIGHTNESS OF PVC FITTINGS WITH HYDROGEN

Author(s) : Roland Valk, René Hermkens, Sjoerd Jansma

The use of hydrogen gas as an energy carrier is seen as a key component of the energy transition. This creates new challenges, including in relation to the transport and distribution of this gas. The low-pressure (natural) gas distribution grid in the Netherlands currently consists of 64% PVC and is presumed to be...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : MAKING THE ACCELERATED NOTCH PIPE TEST (ANPT) FUTURE-PROOF

Author(s) : Ernst van der Stok, Nadia Luijsterburg-Vleugels

The latest generation of polyethylene grades (PE 100-RC and PE 4710 PLUS) have an increased resistance to slow crack growth. Such cracks can be initiated by either a scratch during installation or a rock indentation during use. The Accelerated Notch Pipe Test (ANPT) was standardized in ISO 13479 in 2022 to allow the...

2023 Lake Buena Vista : MICROWAVE INSPECTION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION FOR SPOOLABLE REINFORCED THERMOPLASTIC PIPE

Author(s) : Chantz Denowh, Robert Stakenborghs, Liang Yu

The use of spoolable reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP) technologies in the onshore oil and gas industry has expanded significantly over the past decade. It is anticipated that interest will only continue to grow as oil and gas operators transition to transporting alternative fuels such as hydrogen and carbon...

Members of the Association

BOREALISBOROUGEFormosa Plastics CorporationHanwha TotalEnergiesINEOS O&PIRPCKorea Petrochemical IND. Co., LTD (KPIC)LyondellBasellORLEN UnipetrolPetroChina Dushanzi Petrochemical CompanyPRIME POLYMERSABICSCG Chemicals & Thai PolyethyleneSinopecTASNEE