Author(s) : Jumppanen, Leppaevuroi, Vaelimaa 1979 Brigthon
The influence of processing variables on long term strength of pipe materials and on long term resistance values to internal pressure of pipes have been studied by the use of axial creep and creep rupture tests and standard...
Author(s) : McNally 1979 Brigthon
Production and Consumption data for the major European pipe producing nations are given and the major pipe markets for PVC and the Polyolefins are identified Comparison is made with market data from the United States. Projections for the future of the European pipe industry are offered. Transportation by pipeline...
Author(s) : Lindner 1979 Brigthon
Pipework systems from plastics have obtained, a prominent significance for todays industry. In this field they have, in a noteworthy manner, replaced other materials previously used for such purposes. Their anplicational range is very extensive. Cost saving installation methods, high operational safety and low...
Author(s) : Moore, Sprecher 1979 Brigthon
Power engineers have an urgent need for the extreme corrosion resistance which GRP can provide. Engineers in the power industry are finding that GRP materials have the properties needed to meet the new requirements - and that they can do so at reasonable cost. We believe that the power industry will continue to be a...
Author(s) : Stapel, Steenbergen 1979 Brigthon
A survey is given of suction press on PVC pipes Discussed are buckling of elastic materials, the deviations of existing theories occurring because of non circular, visco-elasticity of PVC, forced deformation and support of the soi 1 Some design criteria for short- and long-term loading are discussed. Product...
Author(s) : Hunt 1979 Brigthon
Over the years tree root penetration of sewers has been a major problem in Australia in the condition of lcw annual rainfall and long dry periods as experienced in South Australia and also the subtropical Northern areas, with accelerated growth conditions of heat and moisture. As a result root growth takes the form...
Author(s) : Roseen, Bergman 1979 Brigthon
Hot water pipes made of peroxide and silane cross linked polyethylene have been tested comprehensively since 1974. The test programme includes long term hydrostatic tests of straight pipes at elevated temperatures in water, air and detergents. The influence of pipe bends, degree of cross linking, and antioxidant...
Author(s) : Gehrels, Elzink 1979 Brigthon
The main concern over the behaviour of buried plastics pipes is the occurrence of deflection. Theories are useless if not checked by field measurements to remove uncertainties, Over the last 15 years. 25 km of pipeline in 600 different sections have been measured in 5 West-European countries in quite different...
Author(s) : Hull 1979 Brigthon
Failure of laminates is described in terms of the fracture of the constituent laminae with particular reference to GRP pipe. The information required to characterise the properties of the laminae is considered and the methods of relating the applied loads on the laminates to the laminae stresses is introduced....
Author(s) : Bragaw 1979 Brigthon
Medium density polyethylene pipe systems have been successfully used in North America and the United Kingdom for gas distribution In the 12-year period over which experience has been accumulated, field situations presenting various potential hazards have been analyzed to enable the pipeline engineer to anticipate the...
Author(s) : Gray 1979 Brigthon
Pipework constructed in glassfibre composites is now used in many Process Industries. The design methods derived for these materials have shown that they exhibit characteristics not usually considered in general engineering design. These concepts are briefly described together with their relevance in the overall...
Author(s) : Hart 1979 Brigthon
With the ever increasing cost of oil and that of plastics materials derived £ram it, there is an urgent need to use plastics materials to their maximum advantage. One large outlet for these materials i.s in plastics pipes for non pressure purposes In the larger diameters they are not competitive with pipes made £ran...
Author(s) : Trott, Stevens 1979 Brigthon
Lengths of 300 mrn uPVC pipe (Class B) were subjected to a standard pro-- gramme of dynamic and static loading in trenches dug in a laboratory test pit filled with sandy clay. Ten tests are described, with the pipes installed in a range of different bedding conditions. The cumulative vertical deflection of the pipes...
Author(s) : Price, Gray 1979 Brigthon
The properties of HDPE pipe materials necessary to satisfy processing and performance requirements are considered. Methods of predicting pipe performance are discussed, and experimental data are presented to support the predictive technique. High density polyethylene is now well established as one of the major...
Author(s) : Jones 1979 Brigthon
Standardization is defined and the national and international committees responsible for work on plastics pipes detailed. Their work is discussed both with a historical approach and in relation to the problems.
Author(s) : Potente, de Zeeuw 1979 Brigthon
Ultrasonic and radiographic methods were used up to now to locate discontinuities in materials. The author shows that it is also possible to determine other factors which have an adverse effect on quality. A num- ber of conditions are discussed which exert an influence on the strain of materials It is shown that...
Author(s) : Nunnikhoven 1979 Brigthon
A description is given of the standard practice performance testing of GRP pipes and materials. In GRP systems, as in other major construction materials, in most cases the project specification includes a performance test. The performance tests include a number of destructive tests. These tests have to prove that the...
Author(s) : Benjamin 1979 Brigthon
Current practice and experience can give valuable information to those applying plastics to gas distribution systems for the first time. However, it is essential that this information only be applied with appreciation of the factors which should determine the choice of material and system for a particular...
Author(s) : Reynolds 1979 Brigthon
The introduction of metric polyethylene gas distribution systems, metrication of the infra structure and adoption of new techniques collectively implies a short cut to chaos. Progress has been dramatic by any standard and this paper highlights those factors contributory to the implementation of the above programme by...
Author(s) : Elliott 1979 Brigthon
The author seeks to define the service conditions for plastics pipe systems for use in domestic hot water distribution and conventional central heating systems, outlines methods of assessing long tern performance of materials and systems and briefly reviews commercially available materials for these...
Author(s) : Burgess 1979 Brigthon
The use of plastic pipes in water distribution networks, as trunk mains, distribution mains and service pipes is considered. Reference is made to the benefits of using plastics pipes, together with the problems encountered in association with the environmental conditions in which pipes are laid. The hopes and fears...
Author(s) : Colbert 1979 Brigthon
Polypropylene is a versatile nlaterial for the nlanufacture of pipe and in this gaper a1 up to date view is talcen of its properties - drawing in addition on the now lengtlly history of satisfactory performance in service. Because PP is often used in specialised applications and because there is a...
Author(s) : Dilley 1979 Brigthon
The high crystal energy of PVDF combined with the strength of the C-F bond make it probably the strongest of the fluoropolpers. Chemical resistance is outstanding, as one would expect of a fluoropolper, so the material has a useful combination of properties to offer in the field of piping. A brief summary of the...
Author(s) : Barton, Cherry 1979 Brigthon
A number of techniques have in the past been proposed for the determination of the life of a plastic pipe exposed to pressure. This paper examines the yield criteria which may be applicable to such a system and proposes a new technique for the interpretation of the accelerated creep rupture curves which may be...
Author(s) : Asman 1979 Brigthon
Scandinavia consists of Sweden,Norway and Denmark but in this paper Finland will be included also; giving a geographical block termed the Nordic countries. Together the Nordic countries have a population of 22 millions. Their per capita consumption for high density polyethylene materials for pipe is the highest in...
Author(s) : Joseph 1979 Brigthon
The construction of apparatus for cyclic pressure fatigue testing of 60 mm and 168 mm diameter plastic pipes is described. The results of tests at 1 Hz at 20°C and at 10°C at various stress amplitudes and mean stress levels are given for 60 mm diameter uPVC pipe. A comparison is made between specimen lifetime and...
Author(s) : Taylor 1979 Brigthon
In the United States, the success of High Density Polyethylene with it 'S butt fusion joining has revolutionized the gas distribution industry and is now becoming a real and necessary consideration in the rehabilitation of Water and Sewer mains as well as sewer service lines This paper will cover various...
Author(s) : Berry 1979 Brigthon
The paper reviews the current Standards for plastics pipe testing explaining the significance of the results achieved In the second half of the paper a number of investigations into pipe failures are described showing the method of attacking such a problem and the...
Author(s) : Howie 1979 Brigthon
The major market for plastics pipes is still in the building, civil engineering and related public services industries but, although proven Pully reliable and much more economical on these n :lplications, less than half the pipes used in housing and other projects under the cor~trol of Local and Regional Authorities...
Author(s) : Kirby 1979 Brigthon
The causes of surge in sewer rising mains are discussed together with failures experienced in uPVC pressure pipes used for rising mains. These are related to laboratory data on the dynamic fatigue...
Author(s) : Doughty 1979 Brigthon
As a result of his company's experience in the Middle East, the author hopes to give details of the advantages of uPVC and other plastic pipe systems for hot climates, tempered with the constraints necessary to produce a trouble free installation. Thereby indicating the inherent suitability of these nine systems for...
Author(s) : Svensson 1979 Brigthon
Plastic as material for underground sewage systems has come to stay. During the last ten years, underground sewage pipes of PVC have come into such a use within the dimension range of 110 - 200 mm, that no other previous systems have succeeded in reaching in an equally short time. It is, however,possible to develop...
Author(s) : Gons 1979 Brigthon
The influence of test conditions and important test parameters on the resistance of uPVC pipe to internal water pressure is investigated, It is shown that failure time depends on the method of clamping and free sample !ength. The relation between temperature and failure tinie/failure mechanism is studied at 20 OC and...
Author(s) : Barker 1979 Brigthon
Glass reinforced thermosetting plastic pipes share with thermoplastic pipes the advantages of corrosion resistance and lightness. They are currently finding increasing market acceptance, especially for large diameter water distribution and sewerage applications where the alternatives of concrete, steel...
Author(s) : Birch, Howarth, Marshall 1979 Brigthon
The paper is a brief resum of a large project which has sought to investigate the use of fracture mechanics in evaluating the failure properties of a number of common thermoplastics pressure pipe materials. In this outline, the results of tests made on uPVC and YDPE pipes are described. Pre-notched pipes have been...
Author(s) : Gaube, Mueller 1979 Brigthon
Author(s) : Muschik, Detter 1979 Brigthon
Members of the Association
