Plastic Pipes Conference Association # 2023 Lake Buena Vista
Jennifer Ravereau, Catherine GIORNI, Benjamin RABAUD, Frederic Mohier, Mehdi Ahmadi
Pipe installation and renewal are critical for network management and extension both in terms of cost and of logistics for installation. Plastic materials, as polyethylene, are constantly evolving to offer additional benefits (chemical resistance improvement, mechanical resistance, innovative functionalities). However, they may bring about drawbacks for operators related to installation requirements such as the use of welding techniques.
This work aims to evaluate new solutions for improving productivity and safety of operators during work on water distribution network, switching from traditional pipes to innovative plastic pipes with restraint joint. Thus, it aims to assess different pipe solutions considering the following criteria: durability, safety, ease, and cost of installation.
Two locked joint technologies were tested with two main steps: a field test in France and accelerated ageing tests. In the field, the restraint technologies were compared to two traditional technologies. The accelerated ageing tests of polyethylene jointing methods were carried out for 18 months under different conditions: oxidative solutions (ClO2, HOCl and reference H2O), pressure (6 bar), and temperature (40°C).
The field test validated the benefits of locked joint technologies in terms of laying rate, cost, safer working conditions, and environmental impacts compared to traditional materials and techniques. The long-term performance assessed through the accelerated ageing tests allowed to select the most reliable restraint joint technology.
Related papers
Author(s) : Ajay Taraiya, Peter Degenhart, Mark Boerakker
In PPXX, a technology was presented for the first time that could bi-axially orient polyolefin pipes. With this technology, it is possible to prepare pipes that have a performance far beyond the standard ones. One approach to achieving this performance is via a continuous in-line process. To optimize the in-line...
Author(s) : Olivera Bilic, Vivek Rohatgi, Brody Peterson, David Hukill
Demand for conduit pipe is expected to surge globally due to rapid industrialization and urbanization in residential and commercial sectors. Just in the U.S., according to Market Research analysis, expected growth of the plastic conduit pipe market is at a CAGR of more than 5% over the next ten years. In response to...
Author(s) : Joe Babcanec, P.E., Issam Khoury, Ph.D, P.E., Shad Sargand,
The use of corrugated HDPE and PP pipe for gravity flow storm sewers is a growing trend throughout the United States. Many of these drainage pipes are buried in shallow cover conditions under roads with heavy traffic. It is well established that thermoplastic pipe installations under shallow cover respond differently...
Author(s) : Yi Zhong, Qianshi Ma, Haihua Yu
BSTRACT The residential district adopts central heating for low temperature radiators system. Due to the disrepair of the secondary heating pipe network that pipe from heat exchange station to user entrance, the running, leaking, dripping and leakage are serious, and the accidents occur frequently. The heat...
Author(s) : Amster Howard
This paper explores the use of a composite soil stiffness as a valuable design tool to consider when a pipeline traverses through poor soil conditions. Thermoplastic pipe are flexible pipe and require good soil support at the sides of the pipe to minimize deflection. However, sometimes the trench walls are weak soils...
Author(s) : James F. Mason, Akshay Ponda, Hermann van Laak, Tobias Bauer
The long-term strength of unplasticized polyamide 12 (PA-U12) has been characterized using standard methods for plastic pressure pipe during the qualification process for use in buried piping systems for natural gas delivery operating at low ambient temperatures, usually less than 20 to 30°C at pressures...
Author(s) : Dr. Michael Pluimer, Sara Stone
The Notched Constant Ligament Stress test (NCLS test, ASTM F2136)[1] is a test method that measures the slow crack growth in High Density Polyethylene. The NCLS test requires a notch on all test specimens to act as a stress concentration at that point so crack propagation can be easily predicted and studied. In...
Author(s) : Sunwoong Choi, Robert Stakenborghs , Pyeongan Lee, Byoungho Choi
This work developed a hydro-axial tension (HAT) test as a whole pipe axial tensile test and applied to evaluate the polyethylene (PE) pipe and fusion joints containing various flaws. HAT test was designed to utilize hydrostatic pressure to cause axial tension in pipes. The experimental and numerical analysis was...
Author(s) : Jacob John, Suresh Shenoy, Patrik Roseen
Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipes continue to gain popularity in plumbing and indoor climate applications around the globe. This study focuses on increasing the sustainability of PEX pipes by utilizing recycled PEX and production waste streams into PEX production. Different methods available for recycling and the...
Author(s) : Aisha Khaleel, Suleyman Deveci, Sulistiyanto Nugroho, Fatima AlHameli
The use of polyethylene pipes in transportation networks of pressurized water and gas have shown superb performance over the history. High density, high-molecular-weight, and bi-modal polyethylene materials, known as PE80, PE100 and PE100RC, have successfully served the market for many years in standard applications....
Author(s) : Jie Wu, Yushan Hu, Todd Hogan
Recycling of plastic materials is key to demonstrating that these high value materials are much more than a waste stream and a key component of a sustainable future. The plastic pipe market effectively utilizes in-plant recycle systems where standards and codes allow processors to recapture the value of these...
Author(s) : Mitsuaki TOKIYOSHI, Yutaka SAWADA, Yasuhiko OTSUKI, Kensei INOUE, Takashi KURIYAMA, Toshinori KAWABATA
Polyethylene reinforced with short glass fibres (PE-sGF) pipe, manufactured by combining short fiber glass (sGF) with PE100 as a reinforcing material, has a higher pipe rigidity in the pipe circumferential direction than that of PE100 because of the reinforcing effect of the reinforcing material and a performance...
Author(s) : Kevin White, Shad Sargand
The current standard of practice for the installation of agricultural mains is in accordance with ASTM F449, Standard Practice for Subsurface Installation of Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe for Agricultural Drainage or Water Table Control. ASTM F449 has several limitations. Currently, the allowable maximum height of...
Author(s) : Rafael A. García-Muñoz, Rafael Juan, Mónica de la Cruz, Beatriz Paredes, Carlos Domínguez
Plastics are widely used in various industries, resulting in the generation of significant amounts of plastic waste, which causes environmental and economic problems. Although mechanical recycling is the most commonly employed technology, the resulting recyclates often suffer from degradation and contamination. This...
Author(s) : Yanlei Hu, Jin Sun
Slow crack growth is the main reason for brittle failure of polyethylene pipes. At present, the traditional slow crack growth test generally has many problems, such as too long test time, using chemical reagents that pollute the environment, poor reproducibility, etc., which limit the accurate evaluation of the slow...
Author(s) : Rachel Anderson, Rujul Mehta, Alex Stolarz, Todd Hogan, Stephanie Whited, Joel Wieliczko
Growing worldwide demand for sustainably made irrigation systems has driven the creation of new resins for longer-lasting, more durable, recycle friendly, and cost-effective pipe that can better tolerate extreme conditions year after year. Microirrigation systems deliver vital water and nutrients where they’re needed...
Author(s) : Roland Valk, René Hermkens, Sjoerd Jansma
The use of hydrogen gas as an energy carrier is seen as a key component of the energy transition. This creates new challenges, including in relation to the transport and distribution of this gas. The low-pressure (natural) gas distribution grid in the Netherlands currently consists of 64% PVC and is presumed to be...
Author(s) : Ernst van der Stok, Nadia Luijsterburg-Vleugels
The latest generation of polyethylene grades (PE 100-RC and PE 4710 PLUS) have an increased resistance to slow crack growth. Such cracks can be initiated by either a scratch during installation or a rock indentation during use. The Accelerated Notch Pipe Test (ANPT) was standardized in ISO 13479 in 2022 to allow the...
Author(s) : Chantz Denowh, Robert Stakenborghs, Liang Yu
The use of spoolable reinforced thermoplastic pipe (RTP) technologies in the onshore oil and gas industry has expanded significantly over the past decade. It is anticipated that interest will only continue to grow as oil and gas operators transition to transporting alternative fuels such as hydrogen and carbon...
Author(s) : Amster Howard
This paper focuses on the confusing plethora of choices that a design engineer in the United States faces when selecting installation instructions for buried pressure thermoplastic pipelines. For polyethylene pipe, the decision is between AWWA Manual M55, ASTM D2774, ASTM F1668, the PPI Handbook, MAB-3, PE Field...