Industrial
Plastic Pipes Conference Association # 2006 Washington DC
Palermo
The CRS (Categorized Required Strength) concept was developed within the ISO pressure rating system to provide more flexibility to the design engineer. One of the major uses of CRS is to provide a design basis of 100 years for plastic piping applications. With the CRS concept plastic pipe can now have a design basis or design life of 100 years and be considered equivalent to other piping materials, such as steel or iron pipe, which claim a 100year design life. Another major application for the CRS concept is to pressure rate plastic pipe at the actual use temperature. This can be useful for high temperature applications or in areas that have a low ground temperature. The design engineer can determine the appropriate conditions for the plastic pipe application, and design accordingly. In this paper, we will review the CRS concept, how it is validated within ISO 9080, how it is determined within ISO 12162, what its limitations are, and finally, how it is used in typical plastic piping applications to make plastic pipe more cost competitive with metal pipe. The Plastics Pipes Institute (PPI) publishes CRS values in its public listing of TR-4, which is available on the PPI website – www.plasticpipe.org. We will also describe an actual field installation where a gas company had planned to use steel pipe for operation at 160 psig. Because of the CRS concept and use of the PE 100 material’s CRS value of 11.2 MPa at 14°C, the gas company was able to use 4” SDR 11 pipe operating at 160 psig. The gas company saved money by using PE pipe instead of steel pipe due to lower installation costs. In addition, the gas company will continue to have cost savings because there is no need for cathodic protection, no maintenance, and no concerns about corrosion.
Related papers
Author(s) : Chris Ampfer, Gene Palermo, Ernest & Oren Lever
This paper looks at the origin of the 10% allowable scratch depth rule for polyethylene (PE) pressure pipe developed in 1971 and research that has been performed over the years since its inception to determine the validity of this rule. The 10% rule has been used by natural gas pipeline operators since the 1970’s to...
Author(s) : Dr. Gene Palermo, Dr. Dane Chang, Dr. Jimmy Zhou
The scope of this paper is to provide information for the plastic piping industry on a test methodology that could determine the design life of heat fusion fittings and joints at the end user field conditions of operating stress, operating temperature and desired design life. This methodology is useful not only for...
Author(s) : Rob. J. Fox, Dr. Gene Palermo
CSA Z662 is the Standard for the use of plastic pipe in Canadian oil and gas pipeline systems. This paper will give an overview of the recently approved revisions to CSA Z662-11 “Oil and Gas Pipeline Systems”, which will be published next year. These revisions include the following : - RCP Requirements for PE pipe, -...
Author(s) : Dr. Gene Palermo
The scope of this paper is to clarify the various pipe material designation codes and other terms ( PE 4710, PE 4710 PLUS, PE 100, PE 100 RC and PE 100+ ) that are used in the piping industry for high density polyethylene (HDPE) materials. These are the benchmark “high performance” HDPE materials used worldwide for...
Author(s) : G.Palermo
Manitoba Hydro is the electrical and natural gas utility for the province of Manitoba. A project to expand the existing natural gas system was initiated in 2005 which required the installation of a 29 kilometer (18 miles) main to connect a new town to the existing system. Project financial restrictions could not be...
Author(s) : Lever, Palermo, Wright, Oliphant
The piping industry has a need for a well-founded methodology to predict lifetime of pipeline components subject to stress concentration. Another useful tool would be a method to assess the impact of manufacturing processes on the slow crack growth (SCG) properties of a resin that can be used for process control in a...
Author(s) : Belforte, Gerard, Palermo, Guerra
South America is a region with a fast increase in economic growth and energy needs, and natural gas represents a strategic energy source not only for producers like Argentina but also for net importers like Uruguay and source-differentiated countries like Brazil. The fast development of the economy leads to request of...
Author(s) : Palermo, Vibien, Oliphant, Kosari
The corrugated HDPE pipe industry is considering the responsible use of recycled materials in their pipe production and also in their pipe standards. One of the key requirements for successful use of recycled materials is ensuring performance of the resulting HDPE corrugated pipe. As slow crack growth (SCG) has been...
Author(s) : Zhou, Palermo
ISO MRS and ASTM HDB rating systems have been successfully used for more than four decades in Europe and North America. MRS differentiates well the three generations of HDPE materials by classifying them as PE63, PE80 and PE100. However, HDB classifies all three generations of HDPE as only one PE 3408. When...
Author(s) : Palermo
The recent Department of Transportation Advisory Bulletin, “Notification of the Susceptibility to Premature Brittle-Like Cracking of Older Plastic Pipe” cited lower ductile inner wall Aldyl “A” and Century polyethylene (PE) pipe as two materials that were known to be susceptible to brittle-like cracking or slit...
Author(s) : Choi, Lee, Broutman, Edwards, Palermo, Cho, Choi, Park
In recently designated plane strain grooved tensile (PSGT) methodology of ASTM F2018 standard, a groove in the direction perpendicular to the loading axis allows biaxial stress state to be generated under a uniaxial loading. The biaxial stress state produced very closely approximates the internally pressurized pipes...
Author(s) : Palermo
In addition to the HDB (Hydrostatic Design Basis) pressure rating obtained using ASTM D 2837, PPI (Plastics Pipe Institute Inc.) now also lists the MRS (Minimum Required Strength) pressure rating obtained with ISO 9080 in PPI’s publication TR-4, “Hydrostatic Design Bases (HDB), Pressure Design Bases (PDB), Strength...
Author(s) : Broutman, Edwards, Shah, Palermo
The Alternate Methods Committee of the Plastics Pipe Institute's Hydrostatic Stress Board (HSB) has initiated development of an alternate method for determining the hydrostatic design basis (HDB) for plastic piping materials. After reviewing several test methods, the plane-strain tensile method, developed by Choi and...
Author(s) : Palermo, Michie, Chang
Author(s) : Palermo
Members of the Association
